Repair / Problems / Starting / Engine turns over but will not start

Starting

Motorcycle cranks but won’t start: what to check

Do not rideAlso called: turns over but won't fire, no start, cranks but no fire, engine spins but won't catch

Spark testers
Spark testers
Starter circuit diagram: switch, relay, fuse and motor in line
Starter circuit diagram: switch, relay, fuse and motor in line
Starter wiring layout from button and relay to the motor
Starter wiring layout from button and relay to the motor
Pencil hydrometer reading a battery: low charge shows here first
Pencil hydrometer reading a battery: low charge shows here first

The engine spins at normal speed but does not fire, or only coughs. An engine needs fuel, a spark, compression and air at the right time. This check finds which one is missing, starting with the quickest and cheapest checks.

Is it safe to ride?

It will not run. Do not crank for long: you flatten the battery, overheat the starter and flood the engine.

Quick checks first

  • Fuel in the tank? Look in with a torch; gauges can be wrong.
  • Engine stop switch on RUN; side stand up; neutral.
  • Carburettor: fuel tap ON or RES; choke ON when cold.
  • Fuel injection: does the pump buzz for about 3 seconds at key ON? Is the warning light on?
  • Strong smell of petrol? The engine may be flooded.

Diagnose it step by step

1Is there fuel in the tank, the tap ON (carburettor), or does the pump buzz at key ON (fuel injection)?

2Is there a strong smell of fuel, or is the plug wet with petrol?

3Is there a strong blue-white spark with a spark tester?

4Is the plug in good condition and correctly gapped?

5Is fuel reaching the engine? Carburettor: does fuel come out of the float bowl drain screw? Fuel injection: is the plug damp after cranking, and are there no fault codes?

6Is the air filter clean and the air box free of rags, nests or water?

7Is the compression normal? K-Light 125: 1.0 to 1.2 MPa.

Do not pour or spray petrol into the plug hole. It is a fire risk and hides the real fault.

Causes, most likely first

Cause How to confirm Fix
No fuel, tap off, stop switch on STOP Look and listen Fill up; tap ON; switch to RUN
Flooded engine Wet plug, smell of fuel Clear a flooded engine
Fouled or worn plug Plug black, wet or electrodes rounded Remove, check, gap and fit a spark plug
No spark Spark tester shows nothing Check for a spark safely
Blocked carburettor jets Fuel at drain, plug dry Clean the carburettor
Fuel pump or injector fault No buzz; fault code Check the fuel pump (fuel injection)
Low compression Gauge reading low Test engine compression

Reference values (K-Light 125)

Item Value PDF page
Fuel pump run at key ON about 3 s 268
Compression pressure 1.0 to 1.2 MPa 60

Related problems

Bikes this problem often comes up on

477 bikes in the bike directory list this. Check your own bike's manual for its values.

Sources
  • K-Light 125 manual, PDF pages 21, 22, 60, 268, 275
  • MAVCC Motorcycle Mechanic, PDF pages 257, 264

Values marked K-Light 125 are for that reference bike. Use your own bike's manual for its values. Text CC BY-SA 4.0, Transitions Lab.